Upconversion nanoparticles demonstrate unique optical properties, making them attractive for applications in bioimaging, sensing, and disease management. However, their potential toxicity remains a significant concern. This review aims to provide a thorough analysis of the toxicity connected with upconversion nanoparticles. It examines various aspe

Zinc oxide is a substance renowned for its remarkable power to shield delicate skin. This calming element has long been utilized in a range of skincare products, from sunscreens to diaper rash creams, due to its remarkable protective qualities. Forming a physical barrier on the skin's surface, zinc oxide effectively reflects harmful UV rays, help